Do you put two periods after et al at the end of a sentence? (2024)

Do you put two periods after et al at the end of a sentence?

Should a period come after et al.? Because et al. is an abbreviation of the longer Latin phrase, masculine (et alii), feminine (et aliae), or neuter (et alia), it is usually followed by a period, but some styles will omit the period.

Do you need two periods when ending a sentence with et al?

If et al. appears at the end of the sentence, do not add a second period. In APA parenthetical citations, put a comma between et al.

How do you punctuate with an et al at the end of a sentence?

When you use other punctuation with et al., like a comma, it goes after the period. But if you're ending a sentence with et al., you don't need an additional period.

Is there a period at the end of et al?

Remember that there is no comma between the surname and "et al.," and the period goes only after the "al." The English translation of "et al." is "and others."

Can you have 2 periods at the end of a sentence?

In any case, here are some answers: Don't ever put two periods in a row. Put one period at the end of a declarative sentence, even if it ends with an abbreviation or a URL. (Questions and exclamations use question marks and exclamation points instead of a period, not in addition to one, even in quotations.)

How do you use period at the end of a sentence?

What is a Period? A period is a small dot-shaped punctuation mark that is used at the end of any sentence that is intended to make a statement. As with other punctuation marks that end sentences, the period should be placed directly behind the last letter of the last word of the sentence.

What are the rules for using et al in an in text citation?

A Work by Three or More Authors

List only the first author's name followed by “et al.” in every citation, even the first, unless doing so would create ambiguity between different sources. In et al., et should not be followed by a period.

How do you write et al correctly?

Proper formatting of et al.

APA style: In in-text citations, use "et al." when there are three or more authors. For reference lists, the first author's name is listed, followed by "et al." For example, "Smith, J., et al. (2019). Title of the source."

What does two periods at the end of a sentence mean?

So the shortened 2 dots is a short pause, when there's no time to get further into it and it's left open-ended. 3 dots is a formal gap with a meaning of omission in formal writing, or meaning you have left out what us to come. 4 dots is an ending, provoking more thought.

How do you punctuate et al in text and et al in parenthetical format?

In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al." in the signal phrase or in parentheses. In et al., et should not be followed by a period. Six or More Authors: Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses.

Why is there a period in et al?

105). However, it should not be italicized when you are using it as part of a reference. We also see et al without the period at the end. Because et al. is short for et alii (Latin for “and others”), the second word is actually an abbreviation and as such takes a period.

Do periods go at the end of citations?

The final period or comma goes inside the quotation marks, even if it is not a part of the quoted material, unless the quotation is followed by a citation. If a citation in parentheses follows the quotation, the period follows the citation.

Do citations need periods at the end?

When a quote with citation ends a sentence, the period should go after the citation because the citation belongs to that sentence.

What does it mean when someone puts 2 dots after a text?

Two dots (..) are used to indicate the omission of a word, words, or a phrase from a sentence, or to create a pause in speech or text. Three dots (...) are also used to indicate the omission of words from a direct quotation or to show a pause in speech or text.

What does it mean when someone puts two dots after a text?

The ellipsis ... (/əˈlɪpsɪs/; also known informally as dot dot dot) is a series of dots that indicates an intentional omission of a word, sentence, or whole section from a text without altering its original meaning.

What is the rule for periods?

What are the three periods at the end of a sentence?

An ellipsis ( ... ) consists of three evenly spaced periods and is used to indicate the omission of words or suggest an incomplete thought.

Do you put a period at the end of a sentence that ends with an abbreviation?

If you end a sentence with an abbreviation containing a period, do not put another period at the end of the sentence. However, if a sentence ends in an exclamation mark or a question mark, include both the abbreviation's period and the end mark.

What are examples of periods?

How do you use et al legally?

Et al. is short for the Latin expression “et alia,” “et alius,” or “et alii.” Et al. means “and others” or “and the other people” and usually follows the name of a person or a list of names and represents the remainder of the group.

How do you use et al Bluebook?

For more than two authors, provide the first name followed by "et al." Russell L. Weaver, et al., Inside Constitutional Law: What Matters and Why (2009).

How do you write et al in a paper example?

You use “et al.” in academic writing to cite a publication that has multiple authors (or other contributors, such as editors). For example, instead of an in-text citation reading (Schouten, McAlexander, Smith, Rogers, & Koenig 2010), it would simply be (Schouten et al., 2010).

Is there a comma after et al in a sentence?

Most styles will include a comma after et al. when followed by a year date; however, others will not.

Do you put a comma before and after et al?

In MLA style, a comma is generally only used before et al. in the “Author” slot of works-cited-list entries when the author's first and last names are reversed: Burdick, Anne, et al. Digital_Humanities.

Can you use two punctuation marks at the end of a sentence?

In general, you should not use more than one ending punctuation mark (period, question mark, exclamation point) in a row. If you are quoting a question, it should end with a question mark, not a question mark and a period. If an abbreviation, like etc., ends a sentence, you should use only one period.